Heartburn is the most common ailment of the esophagus. Officially known as reflux esophagitis or gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), heartburn is caused by stomach juices irritating the lower esophagus. Normally these digestive chemicals remain in stomach until they pass downward into the intestines. But when the valve at the top of stomach (called the lower esophageal sphincter (LES)) doesn't close, they can reflux upward. Unlike the stomach lining, the lower esophagus is not protected from the corrosive effects of stomach acid. The result is a chemical burn.

Usually only an annoyance, esophagitis over many years can cause scarring, narrowing and even cancer.

Simple measures often bring satisfactory relief such as:

• Eating less at each meal
  
• Remaining upright for an hour after eating
  
• Using antacids, especially wafers that can dissolve slowly in mouth and provide a constant trickle of medication down the throat
  
• Prescription medications, such as Proceptin (Omeprazole) are effective treatments for GERD

Stubborn symptoms may require an over-the-counter acid reducer (like Neoceptin-R, Flatameal) or one of several kinds of prescription medicine. When all else fails, there are surgical ways to improve the function of that annoying valve.

Points to remember

• Reflux esophagitis is not usually serious, but it can be very distressing
  
• "Heartburn" could be a symptom of heart disease, so see the doctor if there is any doubt
  
• There are simple ways to treat it that usually work
  
• Common medicines, both over-the-counter and prescription, solve all but the most stubborn cases